1.
Özbek, Müge Telci
Entangled Dependencies: The Case of the Runaway Domestic Worker Emine in Late Ottoman Istanbul, 1910 Book Chapter
In: Batista, Anamarija; Müller, Viola; Peres, Corinna (Ed.): Coercion and Wage Labour. Exploring Work Relations through History and Art, 2024.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Entangled Dependencies: The Case of the Runaway Domestic Worker Emine in Late Ottoman Istanbul, 1910},
author = {Müge Telci Özbek},
editor = {Anamarija Batista and Viola Müller and Corinna Peres},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {Coercion and Wage Labour. Exploring Work Relations through History and Art},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
2.
Peres, Corinna
Female Work Arrangements in the Datini Letters: Exploring the Semantic Roles and Negotiating Scopes of Servants, Slaves, and Wet Nurses Journal Article
In: Austrian Journal of Historical Studies, vol. 34, iss. 2, pp. 126-149, 2023.
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Work Arrangements in the Datini Letters: Exploring the Semantic Roles and Negotiating Scopes of Servants, Slaves, and Wet Nurses },
author = {Corinna Peres},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
issuetitle = {Work Semantics / Semantiken der Arbeit},
journal = {Austrian Journal of Historical Studies},
volume = {34},
issue = {2},
pages = {126-149},
abstract = {In the letters preserved in the Datini archive, women could take the epistolary stage when it came to their (pre-)entry into a labour relation with the Datinis or their social network. The negotiating scope of women during these entries is the analytical focus of this paper; to negotiate and/or to be negotiated is the central question. Based on 53 letters from the years 1393–1398, four different search and recruitment processes for three different types of female workers – servants, slaves, and wet nurses – are comparatively examined by way of a historical semantic reading. Taking the verb-oriented method as a starting point, this study proposes two methodological extensions: an attribute-oriented method and an adaption of the semantic roles approach from linguistics. The paper argues that this historical semantic trio of methods can help to understand group-related and individual degrees of (non-)control over actions in the arrangement of labour relations in late medieval Tuscany by bringing positions of power to the epistolary surface.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the letters preserved in the Datini archive, women could take the epistolary stage when it came to their (pre-)entry into a labour relation with the Datinis or their social network. The negotiating scope of women during these entries is the analytical focus of this paper; to negotiate and/or to be negotiated is the central question. Based on 53 letters from the years 1393–1398, four different search and recruitment processes for three different types of female workers – servants, slaves, and wet nurses – are comparatively examined by way of a historical semantic reading. Taking the verb-oriented method as a starting point, this study proposes two methodological extensions: an attribute-oriented method and an adaption of the semantic roles approach from linguistics. The paper argues that this historical semantic trio of methods can help to understand group-related and individual degrees of (non-)control over actions in the arrangement of labour relations in late medieval Tuscany by bringing positions of power to the epistolary surface.
3.
Uppenberg, Carolina
Contracted Coercion: Land, Labour and Gender in the Swedish Crofter Institution Journal Article
In: Scandinavian Journal of History, vol. 48, iss. 5, 2023.
@article{nokey,
title = {Contracted Coercion: Land, Labour and Gender in the Swedish Crofter Institution},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-30},
journal = {Scandinavian Journal of History},
volume = {48},
issue = {5},
abstract = {In the early modern rural setting, labour was organized with varying degrees of coercion depending on landowning, social standing, and gender. This article analyses the crofter institution, characterized by corvée labour (obligatory work as payment), from the perspective of gender and coercion. The purpose is to answer the question of how the crofter institution was created, shaped, enabled and questioned. The right to establish a croft made the position as head of household available for men but it also increased social stratification. While crofters were masters of their households in contract signing, their position was ambiguous when it came to the organization of labour. Regarding physical integrity, crofters could be forced by physical violence and were subject to rules not connected to work, such as subservience. I argue that this was made acceptable through marriage and allowing the position as head of household to landless men. Crofters held an intermediate position, caught between the market logic of leasehold of land and the coercive logic of labour extraction, and this continued to colour the crofter institution until its final dissolution in 1943.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the early modern rural setting, labour was organized with varying degrees of coercion depending on landowning, social standing, and gender. This article analyses the crofter institution, characterized by corvée labour (obligatory work as payment), from the perspective of gender and coercion. The purpose is to answer the question of how the crofter institution was created, shaped, enabled and questioned. The right to establish a croft made the position as head of household available for men but it also increased social stratification. While crofters were masters of their households in contract signing, their position was ambiguous when it came to the organization of labour. Regarding physical integrity, crofters could be forced by physical violence and were subject to rules not connected to work, such as subservience. I argue that this was made acceptable through marriage and allowing the position as head of household to landless men. Crofters held an intermediate position, caught between the market logic of leasehold of land and the coercive logic of labour extraction, and this continued to colour the crofter institution until its final dissolution in 1943.
4.
Kussy, Angela
From Peasants in Romania to the Global Care Class in Spain, 1949–2019 Book Chapter
In: Bernardi, Claudia; Müller, Viola; Stojić, Biljana; Vilhelmsson, Vilhelm (Ed.): Moving Workers: Historical Perspectives on Labour, Coercion and Im/Mobilities, 2023.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {From Peasants in Romania to the Global Care Class in Spain, 1949–2019},
author = {Angela Kussy},
editor = {Claudia Bernardi and Viola Müller and Biljana Stojić and Vilhelm Vilhelmsson},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
booktitle = {Moving Workers: Historical Perspectives on Labour, Coercion and Im/Mobilities},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
5.
Grubački, Isidora
Women Activists’ Relation to Peasant Women’s Work in the 1930s Yugoslavia Book Chapter
In: Betti, Eloisa; Papastefanaki, Leda; Tolomelli, Marica; Zimmermann, Susan (Ed.): Women, Work and Agency. Chapters of an Inclusive History of Labor in the Long Twentieth Century, 2022.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Women Activists’ Relation to Peasant Women’s Work in the 1930s Yugoslavia},
author = {Isidora Grubački},
editor = {Eloisa Betti and Leda Papastefanaki and Marica Tolomelli and Susan Zimmermann},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
urldate = {2022-09-01},
booktitle = {Women, Work and Agency. Chapters of an Inclusive History of Labor in the Long Twentieth Century},
abstract = {The chapter explores the relationship between women's activism and peasant women in interwar Yugoslavia, arguing that peasant women's work was the main focus of feminist activists who proposed different changes in peasant women's lives. By exploring the asymmetrical relationship between educated activist women and mostly uneducated peasant women, the chapter further addresses the question of the character of feminist activism in a predominantly agrarian country in Southeastern Europe.},
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pubstate = {published},
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The chapter explores the relationship between women's activism and peasant women in interwar Yugoslavia, arguing that peasant women's work was the main focus of feminist activists who proposed different changes in peasant women's lives. By exploring the asymmetrical relationship between educated activist women and mostly uneducated peasant women, the chapter further addresses the question of the character of feminist activism in a predominantly agrarian country in Southeastern Europe.
6.
Akdemir, Ayşegül
“Put me on to a male agent”: Emotional labour and gender in call centres. Journal Article
In: Current Sociology, Online First, 2022.
@article{nokey,
title = {“Put me on to a male agent”: Emotional labour and gender in call centres.},
author = {Ayşegül Akdemir},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Current Sociology, Online First},
abstract = {This article aims to shed light on the gender dynamics in the context of performing emotional labor in Turkish call centers. Based on qualitative interviews, this study aimed to illuminate how gender is done and undone, providing a perspective on the relationship between gender and emotional labor in call centers, a highly gendered and interactional line of work. Gender relations are complex and gender performativity in call center work allows us to observe different ways in which employees do and undo gender. This study reveals that female employees are more inclined to undo gender and display competence as a work strategy to elevate their position, whereas male employees struggle between job demands and adhering to masculine norms.
},
keywords = {},
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This article aims to shed light on the gender dynamics in the context of performing emotional labor in Turkish call centers. Based on qualitative interviews, this study aimed to illuminate how gender is done and undone, providing a perspective on the relationship between gender and emotional labor in call centers, a highly gendered and interactional line of work. Gender relations are complex and gender performativity in call center work allows us to observe different ways in which employees do and undo gender. This study reveals that female employees are more inclined to undo gender and display competence as a work strategy to elevate their position, whereas male employees struggle between job demands and adhering to masculine norms.
7.
Barker, Hannah
The Risk of Birth. Life Insurance for Enslaved Pregnant Women in Fifteenth-Century Genoa Journal Article
In: Journal of Global Slavery, vol. 6, iss. 2, pp. 187–217, 2021.
@article{nokey,
title = {The Risk of Birth. Life Insurance for Enslaved Pregnant Women in Fifteenth-Century Genoa},
author = {Hannah Barker},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Global Slavery},
volume = {6},
issue = {2},
pages = {187–217},
abstract = {Why did fifteenth-century Genoese slaveholders insure the lives of enslaved pregnant women? I argue that their assessment of the risks associated with childbirth reflected their views on the connection between slavery, property, and lineage. Genoese slaveholders saw the reproductive labor of enslaved women as a potential contribution to their lineage as well as their property. Because their children by enslaved women might become their heirs, Genoese slaveholders were inclined to worry about and seek protection against the risk of maternal mortality. In the context of the commercial revolution and the rise of third-party insurance, they developed life insurance for enslaved pregnant women to complement the fines already required of those who illegally impregnated enslaved women and thereby endangered their lives.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Why did fifteenth-century Genoese slaveholders insure the lives of enslaved pregnant women? I argue that their assessment of the risks associated with childbirth reflected their views on the connection between slavery, property, and lineage. Genoese slaveholders saw the reproductive labor of enslaved women as a potential contribution to their lineage as well as their property. Because their children by enslaved women might become their heirs, Genoese slaveholders were inclined to worry about and seek protection against the risk of maternal mortality. In the context of the commercial revolution and the rise of third-party insurance, they developed life insurance for enslaved pregnant women to complement the fines already required of those who illegally impregnated enslaved women and thereby endangered their lives.
8.
Sarti, Raffaella
From Slaves and Servants to Citizens? Regulating Dependency, Race, and Gender in Revolutionary France and the French West Indies Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 67, iss. 1, pp. 65-95, 2021.
@article{nokey,
title = {From Slaves and Servants to Citizens? Regulating Dependency, Race, and Gender in Revolutionary France and the French West Indies},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {67},
issue = {1},
pages = {65-95},
abstract = {A crucial aspect of the regulation of domestic service is the regulation of people's status. Because of its emphasis on freedom and equality, the French Revolution is particularly interesting. “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be based only on considerations of the common good.” These principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (26 August 1789) did not seem to leave room for slavery and master/servant hierarchies. Yet, their impact on slaves and servants was ambivalent, as I shall show by focusing on France and its Caribbean colonies. Dependency, race, and gender are crucial in my analysis. After sketching the features of servants, serfs, slaves, and indentured servants at the end of the Ancien Régime, I will analyse how the Revolution affected them, focusing on serfs and servants in metropolitan France, on black colonial slaves, and on female slaves and servants. While I investigate the “French imperial nation-State”, I will also provide some comparison with the American case. The Revolution led to a feminization of dependence both in metropolitan France and in the French Caribbean, making dependence more gendered. It abolished serfdom and slavery, and enfranchised male domestiques. Thus, on the one hand, it was really revolutionary; on the other, colonial slavery was first replaced by bonded labour and then reintroduced. Male domestiques were enfranchised briefly and only on paper; they would be enfranchised when slavery in the French colonies was abolished (1848). Women were excluded: mistresses and maids had to wait until 1944 to become full citizens. This makes it impossible to establish clear-cut distinctions between pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary times, and in part challenges the difference between metropole and colonies.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A crucial aspect of the regulation of domestic service is the regulation of people's status. Because of its emphasis on freedom and equality, the French Revolution is particularly interesting. “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be based only on considerations of the common good.” These principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (26 August 1789) did not seem to leave room for slavery and master/servant hierarchies. Yet, their impact on slaves and servants was ambivalent, as I shall show by focusing on France and its Caribbean colonies. Dependency, race, and gender are crucial in my analysis. After sketching the features of servants, serfs, slaves, and indentured servants at the end of the Ancien Régime, I will analyse how the Revolution affected them, focusing on serfs and servants in metropolitan France, on black colonial slaves, and on female slaves and servants. While I investigate the “French imperial nation-State”, I will also provide some comparison with the American case. The Revolution led to a feminization of dependence both in metropolitan France and in the French Caribbean, making dependence more gendered. It abolished serfdom and slavery, and enfranchised male domestiques. Thus, on the one hand, it was really revolutionary; on the other, colonial slavery was first replaced by bonded labour and then reintroduced. Male domestiques were enfranchised briefly and only on paper; they would be enfranchised when slavery in the French colonies was abolished (1848). Women were excluded: mistresses and maids had to wait until 1944 to become full citizens. This makes it impossible to establish clear-cut distinctions between pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary times, and in part challenges the difference between metropole and colonies.
9.
Barragán, Rossana Romano; Papastefanaki, Leda
Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 65, iss. 2, pp. 191-231, 2020.
@article{nokey,
title = {Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction},
author = {Rossana Romano Barragán and Leda Papastefanaki},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {65},
issue = {2},
pages = {191-231},
abstract = {The role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women’s work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women’s work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in the Special Theme in International Review of Social History and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women’s work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women’s work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in the Special Theme in International Review of Social History and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here.
10.
Papastefanaki, Leda
Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940 Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 65, iss. 2, 2020.
@article{nokey,
title = {Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940},
author = {Leda Papastefanaki},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {65},
issue = {2},
abstract = {To date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities. Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
To date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities. Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
11.
da Silva, Filipa Ribeiro; Carvalhal, Hélder
Reconsidering the Southern European Model: Marital Status, Women’s work and labour relations in mid-eighteenth century Portugal Journal Article
In: Revista de Historia Económica. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, vol. 38, iss. 1, pp. 45–77, 2020.
@article{nokey,
title = {Reconsidering the Southern European Model: Marital Status, Women’s work and labour relations in mid-eighteenth century Portugal},
author = {Filipa Ribeiro da Silva and Hélder Carvalhal},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Revista de Historia Económica. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History},
volume = {38},
issue = {1},
pages = {45–77},
abstract = {Challenging current ideas in mainstream scholarship on differences between female labour force participation in southern and north-western Europe and their impact on economic development, this article shows that in Portugal, neither marriage nor widowhood prevented women from participating in the labour market of mid-eighteenth-century. Our research demonstrates that marriage provided women with the resources they needed to work in various capacities in all economic sectors.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Challenging current ideas in mainstream scholarship on differences between female labour force participation in southern and north-western Europe and their impact on economic development, this article shows that in Portugal, neither marriage nor widowhood prevented women from participating in the labour market of mid-eighteenth-century. Our research demonstrates that marriage provided women with the resources they needed to work in various capacities in all economic sectors.
12.
Ruoss, Matthias; Ludi, Regula
Die Großmütter und wir: Freiwilligkeit, Feminismus und Geschlechterarrangements in der Schweiz Journal Article
In: L’Homme. Europäische Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft, vol. 31, iss. 1, pp. 87-104, 2020.
@article{nokey,
title = {Die Großmütter und wir: Freiwilligkeit, Feminismus und Geschlechterarrangements in der Schweiz},
author = {Matthias Ruoss and Regula Ludi},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {L’Homme. Europäische Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft},
volume = {31},
issue = {1},
pages = {87-104},
abstract = {What is voluntarism and how can we conceptualize it as a subject of historical research? In this article we address these questions with regard to the relationship between gender arrangements and voluntarism in modern Switzerland. Our considerations are premised on the assumption that voluntary aid is not a spontaneous act or an amorphous activity but rather constitutes a mode that regulates social relations and structures the social order.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
What is voluntarism and how can we conceptualize it as a subject of historical research? In this article we address these questions with regard to the relationship between gender arrangements and voluntarism in modern Switzerland. Our considerations are premised on the assumption that voluntary aid is not a spontaneous act or an amorphous activity but rather constitutes a mode that regulates social relations and structures the social order.
13.
Zimmermann, Susan
“It Shall Not Be a Written Gift, But a Lived Reality.” Equal Pay, Women’s Work, and the Politics of Labor in State-Socialist Hungary, Late 1960s to Late 1970s Book Chapter
In: Siefert, Marsha (Ed.): Labor in State-Socialist Europe: Contributions to a Global History of Work, pp. 337-372, 2020.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {“It Shall Not Be a Written Gift, But a Lived Reality.” Equal Pay, Women’s Work, and the Politics of Labor in State-Socialist Hungary, Late 1960s to Late 1970s},
author = {Susan Zimmermann},
editor = {Marsha Siefert},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
booktitle = {Labor in State-Socialist Europe: Contributions to a Global History of Work},
pages = {337-372},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
14.
Narlı, Nilüfer; Akdemir, Ayşegül
Female Emotional Labour in Turkish Call Centres: Smiling Voices Despite Low Job Satisfaction Journal Article
In: Sociological Research Online, vol. 24, iss. 3, pp. 278-296, 2019.
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Emotional Labour in Turkish Call Centres: Smiling Voices Despite Low Job Satisfaction},
author = {Nilüfer Narlı and Ayşegül Akdemir},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Sociological Research Online},
volume = {24},
issue = {3},
pages = {278-296},
abstract = {This study examines emotional labour practices of Turkey’s growing call centre business in which mainly women are employed in precarious conditions. The findings reveal that providing emotional labour to customers is an important but undervalued aspect of work and that the external conditions of work life (especially unemployment threat) diminish the workers’ power to resist the work conditions.
},
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This study examines emotional labour practices of Turkey’s growing call centre business in which mainly women are employed in precarious conditions. The findings reveal that providing emotional labour to customers is an important but undervalued aspect of work and that the external conditions of work life (especially unemployment threat) diminish the workers’ power to resist the work conditions.
15.
Jarska, Natalia
Female Breadwinners in State Socialism: The Value of Women’s Work for Wages in Post-Stalinist Poland Journal Article
In: Contemporary European History, vol. 4, pp. 469-483, 2019.
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Breadwinners in State Socialism: The Value of Women’s Work for Wages in Post-Stalinist Poland},
author = {Natalia Jarska},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Contemporary European History},
volume = {4},
pages = {469-483},
abstract = {This article examines popular opinion about women’s wage work in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Poland, using letters to institutions and sociological research from this period. It introduces the notion of female breadwinning as a useful category to describe the understanding of women’s wage work under state socialism. Opinions on women’s wage work varied, but all of them were based on gender assumptions. Women’s and men’s work were valued differently. Men’s work had an indisputable, independent position. Women’s work was evaluated in the context of family.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article examines popular opinion about women’s wage work in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Poland, using letters to institutions and sociological research from this period. It introduces the notion of female breadwinning as a useful category to describe the understanding of women’s wage work under state socialism. Opinions on women’s wage work varied, but all of them were based on gender assumptions. Women’s and men’s work were valued differently. Men’s work had an indisputable, independent position. Women’s work was evaluated in the context of family.
16.
Sarti, Raffaella
Le “nom de domestique” est un “mot vague”. Débats parlementaires sur la domesticité pendant la Révolution française Journal Article
In: Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée modernes et contemporaines, vol. 131, iss. 1, pp. 39-52, 2019.
@article{nokey,
title = {Le “nom de domestique” est un “mot vague”. Débats parlementaires sur la domesticité pendant la Révolution française},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée modernes et contemporaines},
volume = {131},
issue = {1},
pages = {39-52},
abstract = {The “term domestic servant” is a “vague word”. Today, the term “domestic” appears old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect; however, when we talk about servants we think of people who do a certain job, although encompassing several tasks. Such an idea is the result of a long transformation that has seen the servant turn into a worker (more often a female worker) after being (considered) for millennia the subordinate member within a power relationship and/or a “tool” used by the master to perform any task, according to the definition of Aristotle. The debates that took place during the French Revolution were very important in this respect. My article will analyze these revolutionary debates on the status and definition of domestic workers, showing that they have contributed to transforming domestic service from a condition to a profession, even though such a transformation has never been fully accomplished.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The “term domestic servant” is a “vague word”. Today, the term “domestic” appears old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect; however, when we talk about servants we think of people who do a certain job, although encompassing several tasks. Such an idea is the result of a long transformation that has seen the servant turn into a worker (more often a female worker) after being (considered) for millennia the subordinate member within a power relationship and/or a “tool” used by the master to perform any task, according to the definition of Aristotle. The debates that took place during the French Revolution were very important in this respect. My article will analyze these revolutionary debates on the status and definition of domestic workers, showing that they have contributed to transforming domestic service from a condition to a profession, even though such a transformation has never been fully accomplished.
17.
Sarti, Raffaella
Can Historians Speak? A Few Thoughts and Proposals on a Possible Global History of Domestic Service/Work Book Chapter
In: Sinha, Nitin; Varma, Nitin (Ed.): Servants Pasts. Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century. South Asia, vol. 1., 2019.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Can Historians Speak? A Few Thoughts and Proposals on a Possible Global History of Domestic Service/Work},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
editor = {Nitin Sinha and Nitin Varma},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants Pasts. Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century. South Asia, vol. 1.},
abstract = {The title of this contribution echoes the influential and controversial article by Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak “Can the Subaltern Speak?” – an inspiring question. However, I will not discuss her argument. Rather, it will highlight a common problem that historians have to face, namely the vocabulary they use. Such a problem seems particularly important in the study of domestic service/work, and even more so if they want to develop a comparative perspective and/or contribute to a possible global history of domestic service/work. The chapter examines the problem and suggests some possible strategies to overcome it and move toward a global history of domestic service/work.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The title of this contribution echoes the influential and controversial article by Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak “Can the Subaltern Speak?” – an inspiring question. However, I will not discuss her argument. Rather, it will highlight a common problem that historians have to face, namely the vocabulary they use. Such a problem seems particularly important in the study of domestic service/work, and even more so if they want to develop a comparative perspective and/or contribute to a possible global history of domestic service/work. The chapter examines the problem and suggests some possible strategies to overcome it and move toward a global history of domestic service/work.
18.
Popinigis, Fabiane; Terra, Paulo Cruz
Classe, raça e a história social do trabalho no Brasil (2001-2016) Journal Article
In: Estudos Históricos, 2019.
@article{nokey,
title = {Classe, raça e a história social do trabalho no Brasil (2001-2016)},
author = {Fabiane Popinigis and Paulo Cruz Terra},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Estudos Históricos},
abstract = {In a 1998 article, Silvia H. Lara made a harsh critique regarding the exclusion of Black people, be them enslaved or free, from the history of labor in Brazil. Identified only with free and wage-earning labor, this history would have ignored the experiences and struggles of those workers before and after the abolition of slavery. Twenty years after the publication of this is critique, which has been highly influential among academia, our goal in the present article is to resume this questioning, trying to identify how and to what extent the demand for expanded dialogues was incorporated into the production of the Work Group Mundos do Trabalho (‘Worlds of Labor’), which is connected to Associação Nacional de História (‘National History Association’), and using as sources the production presented by the researches within this Work Group.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In a 1998 article, Silvia H. Lara made a harsh critique regarding the exclusion of Black people, be them enslaved or free, from the history of labor in Brazil. Identified only with free and wage-earning labor, this history would have ignored the experiences and struggles of those workers before and after the abolition of slavery. Twenty years after the publication of this is critique, which has been highly influential among academia, our goal in the present article is to resume this questioning, trying to identify how and to what extent the demand for expanded dialogues was incorporated into the production of the Work Group Mundos do Trabalho (‘Worlds of Labor’), which is connected to Associação Nacional de História (‘National History Association’), and using as sources the production presented by the researches within this Work Group.
19.
Tornhill, Sofie
The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South Book
2019.
@book{nokey,
title = {The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South},
author = {Sofie Tornhill},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
20.
Tornhill, Sofie
The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South Book
2019.
@book{nokey,
title = {The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South},
author = {Sofie Tornhill},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
2024
Özbek, Müge Telci
Entangled Dependencies: The Case of the Runaway Domestic Worker Emine in Late Ottoman Istanbul, 1910 Book Chapter
In: Batista, Anamarija; Müller, Viola; Peres, Corinna (Ed.): Coercion and Wage Labour. Exploring Work Relations through History and Art, 2024.
Tags: 20th century, domestic service, gender, ottoman empire, wage labour
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Entangled Dependencies: The Case of the Runaway Domestic Worker Emine in Late Ottoman Istanbul, 1910},
author = {Müge Telci Özbek},
editor = {Anamarija Batista and Viola Müller and Corinna Peres},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {Coercion and Wage Labour. Exploring Work Relations through History and Art},
keywords = {20th century, domestic service, gender, ottoman empire, wage labour},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
2023
Peres, Corinna
Female Work Arrangements in the Datini Letters: Exploring the Semantic Roles and Negotiating Scopes of Servants, Slaves, and Wet Nurses Journal Article
In: Austrian Journal of Historical Studies, vol. 34, iss. 2, pp. 126-149, 2023.
Abstract | Tags: europe, gender, historical semantics, italy, medieval history, service, slavery
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Work Arrangements in the Datini Letters: Exploring the Semantic Roles and Negotiating Scopes of Servants, Slaves, and Wet Nurses },
author = {Corinna Peres},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
issuetitle = {Work Semantics / Semantiken der Arbeit},
journal = {Austrian Journal of Historical Studies},
volume = {34},
issue = {2},
pages = {126-149},
abstract = {In the letters preserved in the Datini archive, women could take the epistolary stage when it came to their (pre-)entry into a labour relation with the Datinis or their social network. The negotiating scope of women during these entries is the analytical focus of this paper; to negotiate and/or to be negotiated is the central question. Based on 53 letters from the years 1393–1398, four different search and recruitment processes for three different types of female workers – servants, slaves, and wet nurses – are comparatively examined by way of a historical semantic reading. Taking the verb-oriented method as a starting point, this study proposes two methodological extensions: an attribute-oriented method and an adaption of the semantic roles approach from linguistics. The paper argues that this historical semantic trio of methods can help to understand group-related and individual degrees of (non-)control over actions in the arrangement of labour relations in late medieval Tuscany by bringing positions of power to the epistolary surface.},
keywords = {europe, gender, historical semantics, italy, medieval history, service, slavery},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the letters preserved in the Datini archive, women could take the epistolary stage when it came to their (pre-)entry into a labour relation with the Datinis or their social network. The negotiating scope of women during these entries is the analytical focus of this paper; to negotiate and/or to be negotiated is the central question. Based on 53 letters from the years 1393–1398, four different search and recruitment processes for three different types of female workers – servants, slaves, and wet nurses – are comparatively examined by way of a historical semantic reading. Taking the verb-oriented method as a starting point, this study proposes two methodological extensions: an attribute-oriented method and an adaption of the semantic roles approach from linguistics. The paper argues that this historical semantic trio of methods can help to understand group-related and individual degrees of (non-)control over actions in the arrangement of labour relations in late medieval Tuscany by bringing positions of power to the epistolary surface.
Uppenberg, Carolina
Contracted Coercion: Land, Labour and Gender in the Swedish Crofter Institution Journal Article
In: Scandinavian Journal of History, vol. 48, iss. 5, 2023.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, 20th century, agrarian labour and rural history, early modern history, europe, gender, household, scandinavia, service, sweden
@article{nokey,
title = {Contracted Coercion: Land, Labour and Gender in the Swedish Crofter Institution},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-30},
journal = {Scandinavian Journal of History},
volume = {48},
issue = {5},
abstract = {In the early modern rural setting, labour was organized with varying degrees of coercion depending on landowning, social standing, and gender. This article analyses the crofter institution, characterized by corvée labour (obligatory work as payment), from the perspective of gender and coercion. The purpose is to answer the question of how the crofter institution was created, shaped, enabled and questioned. The right to establish a croft made the position as head of household available for men but it also increased social stratification. While crofters were masters of their households in contract signing, their position was ambiguous when it came to the organization of labour. Regarding physical integrity, crofters could be forced by physical violence and were subject to rules not connected to work, such as subservience. I argue that this was made acceptable through marriage and allowing the position as head of household to landless men. Crofters held an intermediate position, caught between the market logic of leasehold of land and the coercive logic of labour extraction, and this continued to colour the crofter institution until its final dissolution in 1943.},
keywords = {19th century, 20th century, agrarian labour and rural history, early modern history, europe, gender, household, scandinavia, service, sweden},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the early modern rural setting, labour was organized with varying degrees of coercion depending on landowning, social standing, and gender. This article analyses the crofter institution, characterized by corvée labour (obligatory work as payment), from the perspective of gender and coercion. The purpose is to answer the question of how the crofter institution was created, shaped, enabled and questioned. The right to establish a croft made the position as head of household available for men but it also increased social stratification. While crofters were masters of their households in contract signing, their position was ambiguous when it came to the organization of labour. Regarding physical integrity, crofters could be forced by physical violence and were subject to rules not connected to work, such as subservience. I argue that this was made acceptable through marriage and allowing the position as head of household to landless men. Crofters held an intermediate position, caught between the market logic of leasehold of land and the coercive logic of labour extraction, and this continued to colour the crofter institution until its final dissolution in 1943.
Kussy, Angela
From Peasants in Romania to the Global Care Class in Spain, 1949–2019 Book Chapter
In: Bernardi, Claudia; Müller, Viola; Stojić, Biljana; Vilhelmsson, Vilhelm (Ed.): Moving Workers: Historical Perspectives on Labour, Coercion and Im/Mobilities, 2023.
Tags: 20th century, care, contemporary, gender, romania, spain
@inbook{nokey,
title = {From Peasants in Romania to the Global Care Class in Spain, 1949–2019},
author = {Angela Kussy},
editor = {Claudia Bernardi and Viola Müller and Biljana Stojić and Vilhelm Vilhelmsson},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
booktitle = {Moving Workers: Historical Perspectives on Labour, Coercion and Im/Mobilities},
keywords = {20th century, care, contemporary, gender, romania, spain},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
2022
Grubački, Isidora
Women Activists’ Relation to Peasant Women’s Work in the 1930s Yugoslavia Book Chapter
In: Betti, Eloisa; Papastefanaki, Leda; Tolomelli, Marica; Zimmermann, Susan (Ed.): Women, Work and Agency. Chapters of an Inclusive History of Labor in the Long Twentieth Century, 2022.
Abstract | Tags: 20th century, agrarian labour and rural history, central and eastern europe, feminism, gender, labour movements, socialism, yugoslavia
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Women Activists’ Relation to Peasant Women’s Work in the 1930s Yugoslavia},
author = {Isidora Grubački},
editor = {Eloisa Betti and Leda Papastefanaki and Marica Tolomelli and Susan Zimmermann},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
urldate = {2022-09-01},
booktitle = {Women, Work and Agency. Chapters of an Inclusive History of Labor in the Long Twentieth Century},
abstract = {The chapter explores the relationship between women's activism and peasant women in interwar Yugoslavia, arguing that peasant women's work was the main focus of feminist activists who proposed different changes in peasant women's lives. By exploring the asymmetrical relationship between educated activist women and mostly uneducated peasant women, the chapter further addresses the question of the character of feminist activism in a predominantly agrarian country in Southeastern Europe.},
keywords = {20th century, agrarian labour and rural history, central and eastern europe, feminism, gender, labour movements, socialism, yugoslavia},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The chapter explores the relationship between women's activism and peasant women in interwar Yugoslavia, arguing that peasant women's work was the main focus of feminist activists who proposed different changes in peasant women's lives. By exploring the asymmetrical relationship between educated activist women and mostly uneducated peasant women, the chapter further addresses the question of the character of feminist activism in a predominantly agrarian country in Southeastern Europe.
Akdemir, Ayşegül
“Put me on to a male agent”: Emotional labour and gender in call centres. Journal Article
In: Current Sociology, Online First, 2022.
Abstract | Tags: emotional labour, gender, qualitative research, sociology, turkey
@article{nokey,
title = {“Put me on to a male agent”: Emotional labour and gender in call centres.},
author = {Ayşegül Akdemir},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Current Sociology, Online First},
abstract = {This article aims to shed light on the gender dynamics in the context of performing emotional labor in Turkish call centers. Based on qualitative interviews, this study aimed to illuminate how gender is done and undone, providing a perspective on the relationship between gender and emotional labor in call centers, a highly gendered and interactional line of work. Gender relations are complex and gender performativity in call center work allows us to observe different ways in which employees do and undo gender. This study reveals that female employees are more inclined to undo gender and display competence as a work strategy to elevate their position, whereas male employees struggle between job demands and adhering to masculine norms.
},
keywords = {emotional labour, gender, qualitative research, sociology, turkey},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article aims to shed light on the gender dynamics in the context of performing emotional labor in Turkish call centers. Based on qualitative interviews, this study aimed to illuminate how gender is done and undone, providing a perspective on the relationship between gender and emotional labor in call centers, a highly gendered and interactional line of work. Gender relations are complex and gender performativity in call center work allows us to observe different ways in which employees do and undo gender. This study reveals that female employees are more inclined to undo gender and display competence as a work strategy to elevate their position, whereas male employees struggle between job demands and adhering to masculine norms.
2021
Barker, Hannah
The Risk of Birth. Life Insurance for Enslaved Pregnant Women in Fifteenth-Century Genoa Journal Article
In: Journal of Global Slavery, vol. 6, iss. 2, pp. 187–217, 2021.
Abstract | Tags: gender, italy, medieval history, slavery
@article{nokey,
title = {The Risk of Birth. Life Insurance for Enslaved Pregnant Women in Fifteenth-Century Genoa},
author = {Hannah Barker},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Global Slavery},
volume = {6},
issue = {2},
pages = {187–217},
abstract = {Why did fifteenth-century Genoese slaveholders insure the lives of enslaved pregnant women? I argue that their assessment of the risks associated with childbirth reflected their views on the connection between slavery, property, and lineage. Genoese slaveholders saw the reproductive labor of enslaved women as a potential contribution to their lineage as well as their property. Because their children by enslaved women might become their heirs, Genoese slaveholders were inclined to worry about and seek protection against the risk of maternal mortality. In the context of the commercial revolution and the rise of third-party insurance, they developed life insurance for enslaved pregnant women to complement the fines already required of those who illegally impregnated enslaved women and thereby endangered their lives.
},
keywords = {gender, italy, medieval history, slavery},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Why did fifteenth-century Genoese slaveholders insure the lives of enslaved pregnant women? I argue that their assessment of the risks associated with childbirth reflected their views on the connection between slavery, property, and lineage. Genoese slaveholders saw the reproductive labor of enslaved women as a potential contribution to their lineage as well as their property. Because their children by enslaved women might become their heirs, Genoese slaveholders were inclined to worry about and seek protection against the risk of maternal mortality. In the context of the commercial revolution and the rise of third-party insurance, they developed life insurance for enslaved pregnant women to complement the fines already required of those who illegally impregnated enslaved women and thereby endangered their lives.
Sarti, Raffaella
From Slaves and Servants to Citizens? Regulating Dependency, Race, and Gender in Revolutionary France and the French West Indies Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 67, iss. 1, pp. 65-95, 2021.
Abstract | Tags: abolition, colonialism, dependency, france, gender, race, revolt and revolution, service, slavery
@article{nokey,
title = {From Slaves and Servants to Citizens? Regulating Dependency, Race, and Gender in Revolutionary France and the French West Indies},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {67},
issue = {1},
pages = {65-95},
abstract = {A crucial aspect of the regulation of domestic service is the regulation of people's status. Because of its emphasis on freedom and equality, the French Revolution is particularly interesting. “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be based only on considerations of the common good.” These principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (26 August 1789) did not seem to leave room for slavery and master/servant hierarchies. Yet, their impact on slaves and servants was ambivalent, as I shall show by focusing on France and its Caribbean colonies. Dependency, race, and gender are crucial in my analysis. After sketching the features of servants, serfs, slaves, and indentured servants at the end of the Ancien Régime, I will analyse how the Revolution affected them, focusing on serfs and servants in metropolitan France, on black colonial slaves, and on female slaves and servants. While I investigate the “French imperial nation-State”, I will also provide some comparison with the American case. The Revolution led to a feminization of dependence both in metropolitan France and in the French Caribbean, making dependence more gendered. It abolished serfdom and slavery, and enfranchised male domestiques. Thus, on the one hand, it was really revolutionary; on the other, colonial slavery was first replaced by bonded labour and then reintroduced. Male domestiques were enfranchised briefly and only on paper; they would be enfranchised when slavery in the French colonies was abolished (1848). Women were excluded: mistresses and maids had to wait until 1944 to become full citizens. This makes it impossible to establish clear-cut distinctions between pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary times, and in part challenges the difference between metropole and colonies.
},
keywords = {abolition, colonialism, dependency, france, gender, race, revolt and revolution, service, slavery},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A crucial aspect of the regulation of domestic service is the regulation of people's status. Because of its emphasis on freedom and equality, the French Revolution is particularly interesting. “Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be based only on considerations of the common good.” These principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (26 August 1789) did not seem to leave room for slavery and master/servant hierarchies. Yet, their impact on slaves and servants was ambivalent, as I shall show by focusing on France and its Caribbean colonies. Dependency, race, and gender are crucial in my analysis. After sketching the features of servants, serfs, slaves, and indentured servants at the end of the Ancien Régime, I will analyse how the Revolution affected them, focusing on serfs and servants in metropolitan France, on black colonial slaves, and on female slaves and servants. While I investigate the “French imperial nation-State”, I will also provide some comparison with the American case. The Revolution led to a feminization of dependence both in metropolitan France and in the French Caribbean, making dependence more gendered. It abolished serfdom and slavery, and enfranchised male domestiques. Thus, on the one hand, it was really revolutionary; on the other, colonial slavery was first replaced by bonded labour and then reintroduced. Male domestiques were enfranchised briefly and only on paper; they would be enfranchised when slavery in the French colonies was abolished (1848). Women were excluded: mistresses and maids had to wait until 1944 to become full citizens. This makes it impossible to establish clear-cut distinctions between pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary times, and in part challenges the difference between metropole and colonies.
2020
Barragán, Rossana Romano; Papastefanaki, Leda
Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 65, iss. 2, pp. 191-231, 2020.
Abstract | Tags: gender, global labour history, mining
@article{nokey,
title = {Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction},
author = {Rossana Romano Barragán and Leda Papastefanaki},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {65},
issue = {2},
pages = {191-231},
abstract = {The role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women’s work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women’s work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in the Special Theme in International Review of Social History and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here.
},
keywords = {gender, global labour history, mining},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women’s work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women’s work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in the Special Theme in International Review of Social History and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here.
Papastefanaki, Leda
Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940 Journal Article
In: International Review of Social History , vol. 65, iss. 2, 2020.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, 20th century, gender, greece, mining
@article{nokey,
title = {Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940},
author = {Leda Papastefanaki},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Review of Social History },
volume = {65},
issue = {2},
abstract = {To date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities. Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
},
keywords = {19th century, 20th century, gender, greece, mining},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
To date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities. Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
da Silva, Filipa Ribeiro; Carvalhal, Hélder
Reconsidering the Southern European Model: Marital Status, Women’s work and labour relations in mid-eighteenth century Portugal Journal Article
In: Revista de Historia Económica. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, vol. 38, iss. 1, pp. 45–77, 2020.
Abstract | Tags: early modern history, economic development, gender, portugal
@article{nokey,
title = {Reconsidering the Southern European Model: Marital Status, Women’s work and labour relations in mid-eighteenth century Portugal},
author = {Filipa Ribeiro da Silva and Hélder Carvalhal},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Revista de Historia Económica. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History},
volume = {38},
issue = {1},
pages = {45–77},
abstract = {Challenging current ideas in mainstream scholarship on differences between female labour force participation in southern and north-western Europe and their impact on economic development, this article shows that in Portugal, neither marriage nor widowhood prevented women from participating in the labour market of mid-eighteenth-century. Our research demonstrates that marriage provided women with the resources they needed to work in various capacities in all economic sectors.
},
keywords = {early modern history, economic development, gender, portugal},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Challenging current ideas in mainstream scholarship on differences between female labour force participation in southern and north-western Europe and their impact on economic development, this article shows that in Portugal, neither marriage nor widowhood prevented women from participating in the labour market of mid-eighteenth-century. Our research demonstrates that marriage provided women with the resources they needed to work in various capacities in all economic sectors.
Ruoss, Matthias; Ludi, Regula
Die Großmütter und wir: Freiwilligkeit, Feminismus und Geschlechterarrangements in der Schweiz Journal Article
In: L’Homme. Europäische Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft, vol. 31, iss. 1, pp. 87-104, 2020.
Abstract | Tags: 20th century, feminism, gender, switzerland, voluntarism
@article{nokey,
title = {Die Großmütter und wir: Freiwilligkeit, Feminismus und Geschlechterarrangements in der Schweiz},
author = {Matthias Ruoss and Regula Ludi},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {L’Homme. Europäische Zeitschrift für feministische Geschichtswissenschaft},
volume = {31},
issue = {1},
pages = {87-104},
abstract = {What is voluntarism and how can we conceptualize it as a subject of historical research? In this article we address these questions with regard to the relationship between gender arrangements and voluntarism in modern Switzerland. Our considerations are premised on the assumption that voluntary aid is not a spontaneous act or an amorphous activity but rather constitutes a mode that regulates social relations and structures the social order.
},
keywords = {20th century, feminism, gender, switzerland, voluntarism},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
What is voluntarism and how can we conceptualize it as a subject of historical research? In this article we address these questions with regard to the relationship between gender arrangements and voluntarism in modern Switzerland. Our considerations are premised on the assumption that voluntary aid is not a spontaneous act or an amorphous activity but rather constitutes a mode that regulates social relations and structures the social order.
Zimmermann, Susan
“It Shall Not Be a Written Gift, But a Lived Reality.” Equal Pay, Women’s Work, and the Politics of Labor in State-Socialist Hungary, Late 1960s to Late 1970s Book Chapter
In: Siefert, Marsha (Ed.): Labor in State-Socialist Europe: Contributions to a Global History of Work, pp. 337-372, 2020.
Tags: 20th century, central and eastern europe, gender, hunga, socialism
@inbook{nokey,
title = {“It Shall Not Be a Written Gift, But a Lived Reality.” Equal Pay, Women’s Work, and the Politics of Labor in State-Socialist Hungary, Late 1960s to Late 1970s},
author = {Susan Zimmermann},
editor = {Marsha Siefert},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
booktitle = {Labor in State-Socialist Europe: Contributions to a Global History of Work},
pages = {337-372},
keywords = {20th century, central and eastern europe, gender, hunga, socialism},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
2019
Narlı, Nilüfer; Akdemir, Ayşegül
Female Emotional Labour in Turkish Call Centres: Smiling Voices Despite Low Job Satisfaction Journal Article
In: Sociological Research Online, vol. 24, iss. 3, pp. 278-296, 2019.
Abstract | Tags: emotional labour, gender, qualitative research, sociology, turkey, working conditions
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Emotional Labour in Turkish Call Centres: Smiling Voices Despite Low Job Satisfaction},
author = {Nilüfer Narlı and Ayşegül Akdemir},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Sociological Research Online},
volume = {24},
issue = {3},
pages = {278-296},
abstract = {This study examines emotional labour practices of Turkey’s growing call centre business in which mainly women are employed in precarious conditions. The findings reveal that providing emotional labour to customers is an important but undervalued aspect of work and that the external conditions of work life (especially unemployment threat) diminish the workers’ power to resist the work conditions.
},
keywords = {emotional labour, gender, qualitative research, sociology, turkey, working conditions},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examines emotional labour practices of Turkey’s growing call centre business in which mainly women are employed in precarious conditions. The findings reveal that providing emotional labour to customers is an important but undervalued aspect of work and that the external conditions of work life (especially unemployment threat) diminish the workers’ power to resist the work conditions.
Jarska, Natalia
Female Breadwinners in State Socialism: The Value of Women’s Work for Wages in Post-Stalinist Poland Journal Article
In: Contemporary European History, vol. 4, pp. 469-483, 2019.
Abstract | Tags: 20th century, gender, poland, public opinion, socialism, sociology
@article{nokey,
title = {Female Breadwinners in State Socialism: The Value of Women’s Work for Wages in Post-Stalinist Poland},
author = {Natalia Jarska},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Contemporary European History},
volume = {4},
pages = {469-483},
abstract = {This article examines popular opinion about women’s wage work in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Poland, using letters to institutions and sociological research from this period. It introduces the notion of female breadwinning as a useful category to describe the understanding of women’s wage work under state socialism. Opinions on women’s wage work varied, but all of them were based on gender assumptions. Women’s and men’s work were valued differently. Men’s work had an indisputable, independent position. Women’s work was evaluated in the context of family.
},
keywords = {20th century, gender, poland, public opinion, socialism, sociology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article examines popular opinion about women’s wage work in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Poland, using letters to institutions and sociological research from this period. It introduces the notion of female breadwinning as a useful category to describe the understanding of women’s wage work under state socialism. Opinions on women’s wage work varied, but all of them were based on gender assumptions. Women’s and men’s work were valued differently. Men’s work had an indisputable, independent position. Women’s work was evaluated in the context of family.
Sarti, Raffaella
Le “nom de domestique” est un “mot vague”. Débats parlementaires sur la domesticité pendant la Révolution française Journal Article
In: Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée modernes et contemporaines, vol. 131, iss. 1, pp. 39-52, 2019.
Abstract | Tags: domestic service, france, gender, historical semantics, service
@article{nokey,
title = {Le “nom de domestique” est un “mot vague”. Débats parlementaires sur la domesticité pendant la Révolution française},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée modernes et contemporaines},
volume = {131},
issue = {1},
pages = {39-52},
abstract = {The “term domestic servant” is a “vague word”. Today, the term “domestic” appears old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect; however, when we talk about servants we think of people who do a certain job, although encompassing several tasks. Such an idea is the result of a long transformation that has seen the servant turn into a worker (more often a female worker) after being (considered) for millennia the subordinate member within a power relationship and/or a “tool” used by the master to perform any task, according to the definition of Aristotle. The debates that took place during the French Revolution were very important in this respect. My article will analyze these revolutionary debates on the status and definition of domestic workers, showing that they have contributed to transforming domestic service from a condition to a profession, even though such a transformation has never been fully accomplished.
},
keywords = {domestic service, france, gender, historical semantics, service},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The “term domestic servant” is a “vague word”. Today, the term “domestic” appears old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect; however, when we talk about servants we think of people who do a certain job, although encompassing several tasks. Such an idea is the result of a long transformation that has seen the servant turn into a worker (more often a female worker) after being (considered) for millennia the subordinate member within a power relationship and/or a “tool” used by the master to perform any task, according to the definition of Aristotle. The debates that took place during the French Revolution were very important in this respect. My article will analyze these revolutionary debates on the status and definition of domestic workers, showing that they have contributed to transforming domestic service from a condition to a profession, even though such a transformation has never been fully accomplished.
Sarti, Raffaella
Can Historians Speak? A Few Thoughts and Proposals on a Possible Global History of Domestic Service/Work Book Chapter
In: Sinha, Nitin; Varma, Nitin (Ed.): Servants Pasts. Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century. South Asia, vol. 1., 2019.
Abstract | Tags: domestic service, early modern history, gender, historical semantics, household
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Can Historians Speak? A Few Thoughts and Proposals on a Possible Global History of Domestic Service/Work},
author = {Raffaella Sarti},
editor = {Nitin Sinha and Nitin Varma},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants Pasts. Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century. South Asia, vol. 1.},
abstract = {The title of this contribution echoes the influential and controversial article by Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak “Can the Subaltern Speak?” – an inspiring question. However, I will not discuss her argument. Rather, it will highlight a common problem that historians have to face, namely the vocabulary they use. Such a problem seems particularly important in the study of domestic service/work, and even more so if they want to develop a comparative perspective and/or contribute to a possible global history of domestic service/work. The chapter examines the problem and suggests some possible strategies to overcome it and move toward a global history of domestic service/work.
},
keywords = {domestic service, early modern history, gender, historical semantics, household},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The title of this contribution echoes the influential and controversial article by Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak “Can the Subaltern Speak?” – an inspiring question. However, I will not discuss her argument. Rather, it will highlight a common problem that historians have to face, namely the vocabulary they use. Such a problem seems particularly important in the study of domestic service/work, and even more so if they want to develop a comparative perspective and/or contribute to a possible global history of domestic service/work. The chapter examines the problem and suggests some possible strategies to overcome it and move toward a global history of domestic service/work.
Popinigis, Fabiane; Terra, Paulo Cruz
Classe, raça e a história social do trabalho no Brasil (2001-2016) Journal Article
In: Estudos Históricos, 2019.
Abstract | Tags: brazil, gender, historiography, latin america, race, working class
@article{nokey,
title = {Classe, raça e a história social do trabalho no Brasil (2001-2016)},
author = {Fabiane Popinigis and Paulo Cruz Terra},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Estudos Históricos},
abstract = {In a 1998 article, Silvia H. Lara made a harsh critique regarding the exclusion of Black people, be them enslaved or free, from the history of labor in Brazil. Identified only with free and wage-earning labor, this history would have ignored the experiences and struggles of those workers before and after the abolition of slavery. Twenty years after the publication of this is critique, which has been highly influential among academia, our goal in the present article is to resume this questioning, trying to identify how and to what extent the demand for expanded dialogues was incorporated into the production of the Work Group Mundos do Trabalho (‘Worlds of Labor’), which is connected to Associação Nacional de História (‘National History Association’), and using as sources the production presented by the researches within this Work Group.
},
keywords = {brazil, gender, historiography, latin america, race, working class},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In a 1998 article, Silvia H. Lara made a harsh critique regarding the exclusion of Black people, be them enslaved or free, from the history of labor in Brazil. Identified only with free and wage-earning labor, this history would have ignored the experiences and struggles of those workers before and after the abolition of slavery. Twenty years after the publication of this is critique, which has been highly influential among academia, our goal in the present article is to resume this questioning, trying to identify how and to what extent the demand for expanded dialogues was incorporated into the production of the Work Group Mundos do Trabalho (‘Worlds of Labor’), which is connected to Associação Nacional de História (‘National History Association’), and using as sources the production presented by the researches within this Work Group.
Tornhill, Sofie
The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South Book
2019.
Abstract | Tags: business history, contemporary, development, ethnography, gender, informality, qualitative research, sociology
@book{nokey,
title = {The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South},
author = {Sofie Tornhill},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
},
keywords = {business history, contemporary, development, ethnography, gender, informality, qualitative research, sociology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
Tornhill, Sofie
The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South Book
2019.
Abstract | Tags: business history, contemporary, development, ethnography, gender, informality, qualitative research, sociology
@book{nokey,
title = {The Business of Women’s Empowerment. Corporate Gender Politics in the Global South},
author = {Sofie Tornhill},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
},
keywords = {business history, contemporary, development, ethnography, gender, informality, qualitative research, sociology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This monograph explores corporate initiatives to empower women in the Global South through the promotion of micro entrepreneurship within informal economic sectors. From an ethnographic approach, it scrutinizes how the political imperative of “creating jobs” is intertwined with individual risks for women in precarious economic positions as well as with the increasing authority of global corporations in development and gender politics.
Özbek, Müge Telci
"Disorderly Women" and the Politics of Urban Space in Early Twentieth-Century Istanbul, 1900-1914 Book Chapter
In: Cronin, Stephanie (Ed.): Crime, Poverty and Survival in the Middle East and North Africa: The 'Dangerous Classes' since 1800, pp. 51-64, 2019.
Tags: 20th century, gender, ottoman empire, turkey, urbanity
@inbook{nokey,
title = {"Disorderly Women" and the Politics of Urban Space in Early Twentieth-Century Istanbul, 1900-1914},
author = {Müge Telci Özbek},
editor = {Stephanie Cronin},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {Crime, Poverty and Survival in the Middle East and North Africa: The 'Dangerous Classes' since 1800},
pages = {51-64},
keywords = {20th century, gender, ottoman empire, turkey, urbanity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
2018
Sarti, Raffaella; Bellavitis, Anna; Martini, Manuela (Ed.)
What is Work? Gender at the Crossroads of Home, Family, and Business from the Early Modern Era to the Present Collection
2018.
Abstract | Tags: gender, household, longue duree
@collection{nokey,
title = {What is Work? Gender at the Crossroads of Home, Family, and Business from the Early Modern Era to the Present},
editor = {Raffaella Sarti and Anna Bellavitis and Manuela Martini},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
abstract = {Every society throughout history has defined what counts as work and what doesn’t. And more often than not, those lines of demarcation are inextricable from considerations of gender. “What Is Work?” offers a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding labor within the highly gendered realm of household economies. Drawing from scholarship on gender history, economic sociology, family history, civil law, and feminist economics, these essays explore the changing and often contested boundaries between what was and is considered work in different Euro-American contexts over several centuries, with an eye to the ambiguities and biases that have shaped mainstream conceptions of work across all social sectors.
},
keywords = {gender, household, longue duree},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {collection}
}
Every society throughout history has defined what counts as work and what doesn’t. And more often than not, those lines of demarcation are inextricable from considerations of gender. “What Is Work?” offers a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding labor within the highly gendered realm of household economies. Drawing from scholarship on gender history, economic sociology, family history, civil law, and feminist economics, these essays explore the changing and often contested boundaries between what was and is considered work in different Euro-American contexts over several centuries, with an eye to the ambiguities and biases that have shaped mainstream conceptions of work across all social sectors.
Tolino, Serena
Eunuchs in the Fatimid Empire: Ambiguities, Gender and Sacredness Book Chapter
In: Höfert, Almut; Matthew M. Mesley, Matthew; Tolino, Serena (Ed.): Celibate and Childless Men in Power: Ruling Eunuchs and Bishops in the Pre-Modern World, pp. 246-266, 2018.
Abstract | Tags: gender, islamic world, medieval history, religion
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Eunuchs in the Fatimid Empire: Ambiguities, Gender and Sacredness},
author = {Serena Tolino},
editor = {Almut Höfert and Matthew M. Mesley, Matthew and Serena Tolino},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {Celibate and Childless Men in Power: Ruling Eunuchs and Bishops in the Pre-Modern World},
pages = { 246-266},
abstract = {Childless Men in Power: Ruling Eunuchs and Bishops in the Pre-Modern World, pp. 246-266. This article explores the interconnection between gender and sacredness in relation to eunuchs in the Fatimid Empire (909-1171), a dynasty that ruled in particular over North Africa, Egypt and Yemen. The article explores different discourses on eunuchs in the Islamicate world (lexicography, law, adab). Following the life of specific eunuchs, the article also argues that gender is a fundamental category of analysis when looking eunuchs in the Fatimid empire and, more generally in Islamicate courts.},
keywords = {gender, islamic world, medieval history, religion},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
Childless Men in Power: Ruling Eunuchs and Bishops in the Pre-Modern World, pp. 246-266. This article explores the interconnection between gender and sacredness in relation to eunuchs in the Fatimid Empire (909-1171), a dynasty that ruled in particular over North Africa, Egypt and Yemen. The article explores different discourses on eunuchs in the Islamicate world (lexicography, law, adab). Following the life of specific eunuchs, the article also argues that gender is a fundamental category of analysis when looking eunuchs in the Fatimid empire and, more generally in Islamicate courts.
Uppenberg, Carolina
I husbondens bröd och arbete. Kön, makt och kontrakt i det svenska tjänstefolkssystemet 1730–1860 [Servants and masters. Gender, contract, and power relations in the servant institution in Sweden, 1730-1860] PhD Thesis
2018.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, domestic service, early modern history, gender, labour markets, service, sweden
@phdthesis{nokey,
title = {I husbondens bröd och arbete. Kön, makt och kontrakt i det svenska tjänstefolkssystemet 1730–1860 [Servants and masters. Gender, contract, and power relations in the servant institution in Sweden, 1730-1860]},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
institution = {University of Gothenburg},
abstract = {In my doctoral thesis I studied the institution of rural servants from a labour market and a gender perspective. Pre-industrial servants were subject to compulsory service, but at the same time part of a labour market where they could choose their employer freely. I the thesis I examined the laws shaping the institution, the handling of the laws in court, and the discourse of free and unfree labour relations surrounding servants and masters.},
keywords = {19th century, domestic service, early modern history, gender, labour markets, service, sweden},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
In my doctoral thesis I studied the institution of rural servants from a labour market and a gender perspective. Pre-industrial servants were subject to compulsory service, but at the same time part of a labour market where they could choose their employer freely. I the thesis I examined the laws shaping the institution, the handling of the laws in court, and the discourse of free and unfree labour relations surrounding servants and masters.
2017
Zimmermann, Susan
Equality of Women’s Economic Status? A Major Bone of Contention in the International Gender Politics Emerging During the Interwar Period Journal Article
In: The International History Review, vol. 41, iss. 1, pp. 200-227, 2017.
Abstract | Tags: 20th century, feminism, gender, international organisations, labour movements
@article{nokey,
title = {Equality of Women’s Economic Status? A Major Bone of Contention in the International Gender Politics Emerging During the Interwar Period},
author = {Susan Zimmermann},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {The International History Review},
volume = {41},
issue = {1},
pages = {200-227},
abstract = {This study brings together the often disparate scholarship on the League of Nations and the ILO. It follows the interactions between the League, women internationalists, and the ILO, which evolved around the question of woman-specific labor legislation and the equality of women's status. These interactions resulted in a broadening mandate of international gender policies while deepening the institutional and legal distinction between women's ‘political and civil’ as opposed to their ‘economic’ status. The ILO insisted on certain forms of women-specific labor regulation as a means of conjoining progressive gender and class politics, and was anxious to ensure its competence in all matters concerning women's economic status. The gender equality doctrine gaining ground in the League was rooted in a liberal-feminist paradigm which rejected the association of gender politics with such class concerns, and indeed aimed to force back the ILO's politics of gender-specific international labor standards. As a result of the widening divide between the women's policies of the League and the ILO, the international networks of labor women reduced their engagement with women's activism at the League. The developments of the 1930s deepened the tension between liberal feminism and feminisms engaging with class inequalities, and would have problematic long-term consequences for international gender politics.
},
keywords = {20th century, feminism, gender, international organisations, labour movements},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study brings together the often disparate scholarship on the League of Nations and the ILO. It follows the interactions between the League, women internationalists, and the ILO, which evolved around the question of woman-specific labor legislation and the equality of women's status. These interactions resulted in a broadening mandate of international gender policies while deepening the institutional and legal distinction between women's ‘political and civil’ as opposed to their ‘economic’ status. The ILO insisted on certain forms of women-specific labor regulation as a means of conjoining progressive gender and class politics, and was anxious to ensure its competence in all matters concerning women's economic status. The gender equality doctrine gaining ground in the League was rooted in a liberal-feminist paradigm which rejected the association of gender politics with such class concerns, and indeed aimed to force back the ILO's politics of gender-specific international labor standards. As a result of the widening divide between the women's policies of the League and the ILO, the international networks of labor women reduced their engagement with women's activism at the League. The developments of the 1930s deepened the tension between liberal feminism and feminisms engaging with class inequalities, and would have problematic long-term consequences for international gender politics.
Uppenberg, Carolina
The servant institution during the Swedish agrarian revolution: the political economy of subservience Book Chapter
In: Whittle, Jane (Ed.): Servants in rural Europe 1400–1900, pp. 167–182, 2017.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, domestic service, early modern history, gender, service, sweden, work contracts
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The servant institution during the Swedish agrarian revolution: the political economy of subservience},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
editor = {Jane Whittle},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants in rural Europe 1400–1900},
pages = {167–182},
abstract = {This article develops the gendered aspects of the various dimensions of the servant institution. It is shown that male and female servants had different levels of freedom in their labour contracts, and this is related to the later development of a feminized servant position.
},
keywords = {19th century, domestic service, early modern history, gender, service, sweden, work contracts},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This article develops the gendered aspects of the various dimensions of the servant institution. It is shown that male and female servants had different levels of freedom in their labour contracts, and this is related to the later development of a feminized servant position.
Lindström, Jonas; Fiebranz, Rosemarie; Rydén, Göran
The Diversity of Work: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society Book Chapter
In: Ågren, Maria (Ed.): Making a Living, Making a Difference: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society, pp. 24-56, 2017.
Abstract | Tags: early modern history, europe, gender, historical semantics
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The Diversity of Work: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society},
author = {Jonas Lindström and Rosemarie Fiebranz and Göran Rydén
},
editor = {Maria Ågren },
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Making a Living, Making a Difference: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society},
pages = {24-56},
abstract = {This chapter has three purposes. First, it provides a backdrop for the chapters to come by giving a concise account of Sweden approximately 1550 to 1800. Here, the main messages are diversity, regional and otherwise, and change over time. Second, the chapter focuses on the paradox that, while everybody in early modern society worked, it is surprisingly difficult to establish exactly what they did. Combining quantitative and qualitative evidence, the chapter endeavors to solve this problem. Third, it claims that multiple employment—that people performed many types of work at the same time—was widespread, that much work was unpaid, and that contrary to previous assumptions, both women’s and men’s work was intermittent, casual, and nonspecific. Apart from military tasks, women and men appeared in all categories of work.
},
keywords = {early modern history, europe, gender, historical semantics},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This chapter has three purposes. First, it provides a backdrop for the chapters to come by giving a concise account of Sweden approximately 1550 to 1800. Here, the main messages are diversity, regional and otherwise, and change over time. Second, the chapter focuses on the paradox that, while everybody in early modern society worked, it is surprisingly difficult to establish exactly what they did. Combining quantitative and qualitative evidence, the chapter endeavors to solve this problem. Third, it claims that multiple employment—that people performed many types of work at the same time—was widespread, that much work was unpaid, and that contrary to previous assumptions, both women’s and men’s work was intermittent, casual, and nonspecific. Apart from military tasks, women and men appeared in all categories of work.
2016
Lindberg, Erik; Jacobsson, Benny; Ling, Sofia
The “Dark Side” of the Ubiquity of Work: Vulnerability and Destitution among the Elderly Book Chapter
In: Maria Ågren, (Ed.): Making a Living, Making a Difference. Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society,, pp. 159-176, 2016.
Abstract | Tags: care, early modern history, gender, service, sweden
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The “Dark Side” of the Ubiquity of Work: Vulnerability and Destitution among the Elderly},
author = {Erik Lindberg and Benny Jacobsson and Sofia Ling },
editor = {Maria Ågren,},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
booktitle = {Making a Living, Making a Difference. Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society,},
pages = {159-176},
abstract = {This article explores the possibilities for old people to contract for care. The findings in the article suggest that family and wider kin could offer a safety net, but only when there was something to share. It further suggests that people were only obliged to take care of their close relatives when there was a written contract specifying who was to provide care and on what terms. Poverty, ability to work, and age constrained the options for groups vulnerable to economic stress. Those with property or movables were in a much better bargaining position than those without, but even the smallest amount of wealth was used to contract for care. The situation for the landless poor, whether old or young, was difficult. The compulsory service statutes restricted their time-use and forced them to work under one-year contracts, with a ceiling on their wages. Although the implementation of these statutes probably varied between regions and from one period to another, they reduced the agency of the poor and their ability to manage their resources according to their own preferences.
},
keywords = {care, early modern history, gender, service, sweden},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This article explores the possibilities for old people to contract for care. The findings in the article suggest that family and wider kin could offer a safety net, but only when there was something to share. It further suggests that people were only obliged to take care of their close relatives when there was a written contract specifying who was to provide care and on what terms. Poverty, ability to work, and age constrained the options for groups vulnerable to economic stress. Those with property or movables were in a much better bargaining position than those without, but even the smallest amount of wealth was used to contract for care. The situation for the landless poor, whether old or young, was difficult. The compulsory service statutes restricted their time-use and forced them to work under one-year contracts, with a ceiling on their wages. Although the implementation of these statutes probably varied between regions and from one period to another, they reduced the agency of the poor and their ability to manage their resources according to their own preferences.
Tolino, Serena
The History of Prostitution in Egypt (1885-1949): From Regulation to Prohibition Book Chapter
In: Kurz, Susanne; Preckel, Claudia; Reichmuth, Stefan (Ed.): Muslim Bodies: Körper, Sexualität und Medizin in muslimischen Gesellschaften, pp. 131-154, 2016.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, 20th century, egypt, gender, muslims, prostitution
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The History of Prostitution in Egypt (1885-1949): From Regulation to Prohibition},
author = {Serena Tolino},
editor = {Susanne Kurz and Claudia Preckel and Stefan Reichmuth},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
booktitle = {Muslim Bodies: Körper, Sexualität und Medizin in muslimischen Gesellschaften},
pages = {131-154},
abstract = {This article explores the legal path that prostitution underwent in Egypt, from regulation to abolition to prohibition. It represents a first mapping of laws related to sex work in Egypt, that will allow in the future to embed research on sex work into labour history.
},
keywords = {19th century, 20th century, egypt, gender, muslims, prostitution},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This article explores the legal path that prostitution underwent in Egypt, from regulation to abolition to prohibition. It represents a first mapping of laws related to sex work in Egypt, that will allow in the future to embed research on sex work into labour history.
2012
Kučera, Rudolf
Marginalizing Josefina: Work, Gender, and Protest in Bohemia 1820–1844 Journal Article
In: Journal of Social History, vol. 46, iss. 2, pp. 430-448, 2012.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, bohemian lands, gender, labour movements, working class
@article{nokey,
title = {Marginalizing Josefina: Work, Gender, and Protest in Bohemia 1820–1844},
author = {Rudolf Kučera },
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Social History},
volume = {46},
issue = {2},
pages = {430-448},
abstract = {The study concentrates on the pre-1848 labor protests in Bohemia and analyzes them with respect to questions of gender. The paper explores how the codes and institutions of skilled labor masculinity shaped working-class collective action in pre-1848 Bohemia – one of the most industrialized European regions during the first half of the nineteenth century.
},
keywords = {19th century, bohemian lands, gender, labour movements, working class},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The study concentrates on the pre-1848 labor protests in Bohemia and analyzes them with respect to questions of gender. The paper explores how the codes and institutions of skilled labor masculinity shaped working-class collective action in pre-1848 Bohemia – one of the most industrialized European regions during the first half of the nineteenth century.
2010
Özbek, Müge Telci
The Regulation of Prostitution in Beyoğlu, 1875-1915 Journal Article
In: Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 46, iss. 4, 2010.
Abstract | Tags: 19th century, 20th century, class, gender, ottoman empire, prostitution, turkey
@article{nokey,
title = {The Regulation of Prostitution in Beyoğlu, 1875-1915},
author = {Müge Telci Özbek},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Middle Eastern Studies},
volume = {46},
issue = {4},
abstract = {This study examines the development and nature of the regulation of prostitution in Beyoğlu during the late Ottoman Empire with special emphasis on the way the regulationist regime reinforced existing patterns of class and gender domination. The regulation of prostitution became a matter of urgency in the last decades of the nineteenth century in Istanbul, particularly in Beyoğlu, the cosmopolitan center of the city.},
keywords = {19th century, 20th century, class, gender, ottoman empire, prostitution, turkey},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examines the development and nature of the regulation of prostitution in Beyoğlu during the late Ottoman Empire with special emphasis on the way the regulationist regime reinforced existing patterns of class and gender domination. The regulation of prostitution became a matter of urgency in the last decades of the nineteenth century in Istanbul, particularly in Beyoğlu, the cosmopolitan center of the city.