41.
Lambrecht, Thijs
Harvest Work and Labor Market Regulation in Old Regime Northern France Journal Article
In: pp. 113-131, 2018.
@article{nokey,
title = {Harvest Work and Labor Market Regulation in Old Regime Northern France},
author = {Thijs Lambrecht},
editor = {Thomas Max Safley },
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {Labor Before the Industrial Revolution: Work, Technology and Their Ecologies in an Age of Early Capitalism},
pages = {113-131},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
42.
Lambrecht, Thijs; Winter, Anne
An Old Poor Law on the Continent? Agrarian Capitalism, Poor Taxes, and Village Conflict in Eighteenth-Century Coastal Flanders Journal Article
In: Economic History Review, vol. 71, iss. 4, pp. 1173-1198, 2018.
@article{nokey,
title = {An Old Poor Law on the Continent? Agrarian Capitalism, Poor Taxes, and Village Conflict in Eighteenth-Century Coastal Flanders},
author = {Thijs Lambrecht and Anne Winter},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Economic History Review},
volume = {71},
issue = {4},
pages = {1173-1198},
abstract = {Poor relief provisions in early modern Europe are often considered to have been characterized by a divide between a uniform, compulsory, tax‐based, and relatively secure and generous poor law ‘system’ in England, and the more haphazard, voluntary, relatively parsimonious, insecure, and predominantly urban relief practices on the Continent. In this article we challenge these assumptions by arguing that the spread of agrarian capitalism in coastal Flanders fostered a reorganization of poor relief that displayed many features considered unique to the English old poor law, including the levying of poor taxes. By exploring the introduction, diffusion, and effects of poor taxes in the rural district of Furnes in the second half of the eighteenth century, we demonstrate that poor taxes were not unique to England, and sharpen our comparative understanding of the causes, implications, and conflicts associated with this particular way of raising revenue for the poor. This supports our more general contention that the influence of the normative framework should not be overstated: more than differences in legislation, similarities in socio‐economic development can explain variations in relief practices in preindustrial Europe.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Poor relief provisions in early modern Europe are often considered to have been characterized by a divide between a uniform, compulsory, tax‐based, and relatively secure and generous poor law ‘system’ in England, and the more haphazard, voluntary, relatively parsimonious, insecure, and predominantly urban relief practices on the Continent. In this article we challenge these assumptions by arguing that the spread of agrarian capitalism in coastal Flanders fostered a reorganization of poor relief that displayed many features considered unique to the English old poor law, including the levying of poor taxes. By exploring the introduction, diffusion, and effects of poor taxes in the rural district of Furnes in the second half of the eighteenth century, we demonstrate that poor taxes were not unique to England, and sharpen our comparative understanding of the causes, implications, and conflicts associated with this particular way of raising revenue for the poor. This supports our more general contention that the influence of the normative framework should not be overstated: more than differences in legislation, similarities in socio‐economic development can explain variations in relief practices in preindustrial Europe.
43.
Østhus, Hanne
Slaver og ikke-europeiske tjenestefolk i Danmark og Norge på 1700- og begynnelsen av 1800-tallet Journal Article
In: Arbeiderhistorie, vol. 22, pp. 33-47, 2018.
@article{nokey,
title = { Slaver og ikke-europeiske tjenestefolk i Danmark og Norge på 1700- og begynnelsen av 1800-tallet},
author = {Hanne Østhus},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = { Arbeiderhistorie},
volume = {22},
pages = {33-47},
abstract = {The article examines the situation of slaves and former slaves who were brought, presumably by force, from Africa, Asia and America to the European part of Denmark-Norway during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries to work as domestic servants in households. Based on source material from servant reward societies, censuses, newspapers and court cases, it is argued that state and society utilised a number of strategies to classify and categorise slaves and former slaves.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The article examines the situation of slaves and former slaves who were brought, presumably by force, from Africa, Asia and America to the European part of Denmark-Norway during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries to work as domestic servants in households. Based on source material from servant reward societies, censuses, newspapers and court cases, it is argued that state and society utilised a number of strategies to classify and categorise slaves and former slaves.
44.
Uppenberg, Carolina
I husbondens bröd och arbete. Kön, makt och kontrakt i det svenska tjänstefolkssystemet 1730–1860 [Servants and masters. Gender, contract, and power relations in the servant institution in Sweden, 1730-1860] PhD Thesis
2018.
@phdthesis{nokey,
title = {I husbondens bröd och arbete. Kön, makt och kontrakt i det svenska tjänstefolkssystemet 1730–1860 [Servants and masters. Gender, contract, and power relations in the servant institution in Sweden, 1730-1860]},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
institution = {University of Gothenburg},
abstract = {In my doctoral thesis I studied the institution of rural servants from a labour market and a gender perspective. Pre-industrial servants were subject to compulsory service, but at the same time part of a labour market where they could choose their employer freely. I the thesis I examined the laws shaping the institution, the handling of the laws in court, and the discourse of free and unfree labour relations surrounding servants and masters.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
In my doctoral thesis I studied the institution of rural servants from a labour market and a gender perspective. Pre-industrial servants were subject to compulsory service, but at the same time part of a labour market where they could choose their employer freely. I the thesis I examined the laws shaping the institution, the handling of the laws in court, and the discourse of free and unfree labour relations surrounding servants and masters.
45.
Viitaniemi, Ella
Hyödyn aikakauden talouspolitiikka, vuokraviljely ja tilattomuuden kasvu [Utilitarian economic policy, tenant farming and growth of landless people] Book Chapter
In: Miettinen, Riikka; Viitaniemi, Ella (Ed.): Reunamailla. Tilattomat Länsi-Suomen maaseudulla 1600–1800 [On the Fringes. The Landless in Rural Western Finland 1600–1800], pp. 380–417, 2018.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Hyödyn aikakauden talouspolitiikka, vuokraviljely ja tilattomuuden kasvu [Utilitarian economic policy, tenant farming and growth of landless people]},
author = {Ella Viitaniemi },
editor = {Riikka Miettinen and Ella Viitaniemi},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = { Reunamailla. Tilattomat Länsi-Suomen maaseudulla 1600–1800 [On the Fringes. The Landless in Rural Western Finland 1600–1800]},
pages = {380–417},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
46.
Viitaniemi, Ella
Urban seasonal workers and rural church constructions in eighteenth-century Finland Book Chapter
In: Ojala-Fulwood, Maija (Ed.): Migration and Multi-ethnic Communities. Mobile People from the Late Middle-Ages to the Present, pp. 147–168, 2018.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Urban seasonal workers and rural church constructions in eighteenth-century Finland},
author = {Ella Viitaniemi},
editor = {Maija Ojala-Fulwood},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {Migration and Multi-ethnic Communities. Mobile People from the Late Middle-Ages to the Present},
pages = {147–168},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
47.
Evans, Chris; Rydén, Göran
‘Voyage Iron’: An Atlantic Slave Trade Currency, its European Origins, and West African Impact Journal Article
In: Past & Present, vol. 239, iss. 1, 2018.
@article{nokey,
title = {‘Voyage Iron’: An Atlantic Slave Trade Currency, its European Origins, and West African Impact},
author = {Chris Evans and Göran Rydén},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Past & Present},
volume = {239},
issue = {1},
abstract = {An array of goods was traded to Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Many were eye-catching consumer goods; others were far more mundane, including ‘voyage iron’, a metal forged in northern Europe, bars of which acted as a currency along the West African coast. This article examines the geography of voyage iron production, showing that it originated in places – primarily Sweden – that are not often thought of as being connected to Atlantic commerce. It then considers the impact that European iron had on West Africa, where iron smelting was very well-established locally. The vibrancy of African metallurgy has led some distinguished Africanists to dismiss voyage iron as marginal to African needs. By contrast, it is contended here that European iron underpinned an agro-environmental transformation of the coastal forests in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and played a major role in the spread of New World crops in West Africa. Voyage iron was a superficially unremarkable producer good but it contributed to a profound reshaping of the economic geography of West Africa.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
An array of goods was traded to Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Many were eye-catching consumer goods; others were far more mundane, including ‘voyage iron’, a metal forged in northern Europe, bars of which acted as a currency along the West African coast. This article examines the geography of voyage iron production, showing that it originated in places – primarily Sweden – that are not often thought of as being connected to Atlantic commerce. It then considers the impact that European iron had on West Africa, where iron smelting was very well-established locally. The vibrancy of African metallurgy has led some distinguished Africanists to dismiss voyage iron as marginal to African needs. By contrast, it is contended here that European iron underpinned an agro-environmental transformation of the coastal forests in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and played a major role in the spread of New World crops in West Africa. Voyage iron was a superficially unremarkable producer good but it contributed to a profound reshaping of the economic geography of West Africa.
48.
Caracausi, Andrea
A Reassessment of the Role of Guild Courts in Disputes over Apprenticeship Contracts: A Case Study from Early Modern Italy Journal Article
In: Continuity and Change, vol. 32, iss. 1, pp. 85-114, 2017.
@article{nokey,
title = {A Reassessment of the Role of Guild Courts in Disputes over Apprenticeship Contracts: A Case Study from Early Modern Italy},
author = {Andrea Caracausi},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-01},
journal = {Continuity and Change},
volume = {32},
issue = {1},
pages = {85-114},
abstract = {This article analyses the mechanisms of conflict resolution in apprenticeship contracts using a large database of disputes from early modern Italy. It investigates topics like recruitment, enforcement, violence, coercion, exit, and power relations within manufactures.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article analyses the mechanisms of conflict resolution in apprenticeship contracts using a large database of disputes from early modern Italy. It investigates topics like recruitment, enforcement, violence, coercion, exit, and power relations within manufactures.
49.
Lambrecht, Thijs
The Institution of Service in Rural Flanders in the Sixteenth Century: A Regional Perspective Book Chapter
In: Whittle, Jane (Ed.): Servants in Rural Europe: 1400-1900, pp. 37-55, 2017.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The Institution of Service in Rural Flanders in the Sixteenth Century: A Regional Perspective},
author = {Thijs Lambrecht},
editor = {Jane Whittle},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants in Rural Europe: 1400-1900},
pages = {37-55},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
50.
Østhus, Hanne
Servants in Rural Norway, ca. 1650-1800 Book Chapter
In: Whittle, Jane (Ed.): Servants in Rural Europe, ca. 1400-1900, pp. 113-130, 2017.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Servants in Rural Norway, ca. 1650-1800},
author = {Hanne Østhus },
editor = {Jane Whittle},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants in Rural Europe, ca. 1400-1900},
pages = {113-130},
abstract = {The chapter investigates the servant institution in pre-industrial rural Norway, particularly underscoring the many local and regional differences, also when it comes to the number of male or female servants. These differences, it is argued, demonstrate the flexibility of the servant institution, which adapted to a range of farm sizes, economic differences, and changing times.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The chapter investigates the servant institution in pre-industrial rural Norway, particularly underscoring the many local and regional differences, also when it comes to the number of male or female servants. These differences, it is argued, demonstrate the flexibility of the servant institution, which adapted to a range of farm sizes, economic differences, and changing times.
51.
Østhus, Hanne
Tvunget til tjeneste? Tjenesteplikten i Danmark-Norge på 1700-tallet og begynnelsen av 1800-tallet Journal Article
In: Arbetarhistoria, iss. 3-4, pp. 26-31, 2017.
@article{nokey,
title = {Tvunget til tjeneste? Tjenesteplikten i Danmark-Norge på 1700-tallet og begynnelsen av 1800-tallet},
author = {Hanne Østhus},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Arbetarhistoria},
issue = {3-4},
pages = {26-31},
abstract = {In the article, I look at the legal obligation to work as household servants in Denmark-Norway during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Large parts of the population were subject to this legislation, but the enforcement of the law varied considerably.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the article, I look at the legal obligation to work as household servants in Denmark-Norway during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Large parts of the population were subject to this legislation, but the enforcement of the law varied considerably.
52.
Özkoray, Hayri Gökşin
L’esclavage dans l’Empire ottoman (XVIe-XVIIe siècle). Fondements juridiques, structures socio-économiques, représentations Book
2017.
@book{nokey,
title = {L’esclavage dans l’Empire ottoman (XVIe-XVIIe siècle). Fondements juridiques, structures socio-économiques, représentations},
author = {Hayri Gökşin Özkoray},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
53.
Seppel, Marten
Cameralist population policy and the problem of serfdom, 1680-1720 Book Chapter
In: Seppel, Marten; Tribe, Keith (Ed.): Cameralism in Practice: State Administration and Economy in Early Modern Europe, pp. 91-110, 2017.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Cameralist population policy and the problem of serfdom, 1680-1720},
author = {Marten Seppel},
editor = {Marten Seppel and Keith Tribe},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Cameralism in Practice: State Administration and Economy in Early Modern Europe},
pages = {91-110},
abstract = {The chapter argues that the demands to abolish serfdom in Central and Eastern Europe did not come up on the agenda only in the second half of the 18th century when the principles of enlightenment, liberalism and rationalism brought a new understanding of social order. The institution of serfdom became a problem for the absolutist states as early as the 1680s.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The chapter argues that the demands to abolish serfdom in Central and Eastern Europe did not come up on the agenda only in the second half of the 18th century when the principles of enlightenment, liberalism and rationalism brought a new understanding of social order. The institution of serfdom became a problem for the absolutist states as early as the 1680s.
54.
Uppenberg, Carolina
The servant institution during the Swedish agrarian revolution: the political economy of subservience Book Chapter
In: Whittle, Jane (Ed.): Servants in rural Europe 1400–1900, pp. 167–182, 2017.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The servant institution during the Swedish agrarian revolution: the political economy of subservience},
author = {Carolina Uppenberg},
editor = {Jane Whittle},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Servants in rural Europe 1400–1900},
pages = {167–182},
abstract = {This article develops the gendered aspects of the various dimensions of the servant institution. It is shown that male and female servants had different levels of freedom in their labour contracts, and this is related to the later development of a feminized servant position.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This article develops the gendered aspects of the various dimensions of the servant institution. It is shown that male and female servants had different levels of freedom in their labour contracts, and this is related to the later development of a feminized servant position.
55.
Vilhelmsson, Vilhelm
Sjálfstætt fólk: Vistarband og íslenskt samfélag á 19. öld Book
2017.
@book{nokey,
title = {Sjálfstætt fólk: Vistarband og íslenskt samfélag á 19. öld},
author = {Vilhelm Vilhelmsson},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
abstract = {This book is a revised version of my doctoral thesis. It is a study of the dominant labour regime of compulsory service in nineteenth century Iceland, focusing particularly on non-compliance with coercive labour legislation and acts of everyday resistance by servants and illegal day labourers, using regional court archives and arbitration court proceedings to analyse everyday practices. It also discusses in detail the cultural role of life-cycle service and the master-servant relationship as well as dominant ideas of household discipline and social order in early modern Iceland.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This book is a revised version of my doctoral thesis. It is a study of the dominant labour regime of compulsory service in nineteenth century Iceland, focusing particularly on non-compliance with coercive labour legislation and acts of everyday resistance by servants and illegal day labourers, using regional court archives and arbitration court proceedings to analyse everyday practices. It also discusses in detail the cultural role of life-cycle service and the master-servant relationship as well as dominant ideas of household discipline and social order in early modern Iceland.
56.
Vilhelmsson, Vilhelm
Ett normalt undantag? Tillfälligt arbete i lag och praktik i 1800-talets Island Journal Article
In: Arbetarhistoria , vol. 41, iss. 3-4, pp. 32-40, 2017.
@article{nokey,
title = {Ett normalt undantag? Tillfälligt arbete i lag och praktik i 1800-talets Island},
author = {Vilhelm Vilhelmsson},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Arbetarhistoria },
volume = {41},
issue = {3-4},
pages = {32-40},
abstract = {This article discusses the ambiguous status and role of casual day labourers in nineteenth century Iceland and argues that masterless casual day labour was a “normal exception” in many localities, accepted as an economic necessity and cultural norm despite being illegal and frowned upon in public discourse. The article highlights the important distinction between normative prescription and everyday practice.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article discusses the ambiguous status and role of casual day labourers in nineteenth century Iceland and argues that masterless casual day labour was a “normal exception” in many localities, accepted as an economic necessity and cultural norm despite being illegal and frowned upon in public discourse. The article highlights the important distinction between normative prescription and everyday practice.
57.
Lindström, Jonas; Fiebranz, Rosemarie; Rydén, Göran
The Diversity of Work: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society Book Chapter
In: Ågren, Maria (Ed.): Making a Living, Making a Difference: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society, pp. 24-56, 2017.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The Diversity of Work: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society},
author = {Jonas Lindström and Rosemarie Fiebranz and Göran Rydén
},
editor = {Maria Ågren },
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Making a Living, Making a Difference: Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society},
pages = {24-56},
abstract = {This chapter has three purposes. First, it provides a backdrop for the chapters to come by giving a concise account of Sweden approximately 1550 to 1800. Here, the main messages are diversity, regional and otherwise, and change over time. Second, the chapter focuses on the paradox that, while everybody in early modern society worked, it is surprisingly difficult to establish exactly what they did. Combining quantitative and qualitative evidence, the chapter endeavors to solve this problem. Third, it claims that multiple employment—that people performed many types of work at the same time—was widespread, that much work was unpaid, and that contrary to previous assumptions, both women’s and men’s work was intermittent, casual, and nonspecific. Apart from military tasks, women and men appeared in all categories of work.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This chapter has three purposes. First, it provides a backdrop for the chapters to come by giving a concise account of Sweden approximately 1550 to 1800. Here, the main messages are diversity, regional and otherwise, and change over time. Second, the chapter focuses on the paradox that, while everybody in early modern society worked, it is surprisingly difficult to establish exactly what they did. Combining quantitative and qualitative evidence, the chapter endeavors to solve this problem. Third, it claims that multiple employment—that people performed many types of work at the same time—was widespread, that much work was unpaid, and that contrary to previous assumptions, both women’s and men’s work was intermittent, casual, and nonspecific. Apart from military tasks, women and men appeared in all categories of work.
58.
Lindberg, Erik; Jacobsson, Benny; Ling, Sofia
The “Dark Side” of the Ubiquity of Work: Vulnerability and Destitution among the Elderly Book Chapter
In: Maria Ågren, (Ed.): Making a Living, Making a Difference. Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society,, pp. 159-176, 2016.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {The “Dark Side” of the Ubiquity of Work: Vulnerability and Destitution among the Elderly},
author = {Erik Lindberg and Benny Jacobsson and Sofia Ling },
editor = {Maria Ågren,},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
booktitle = {Making a Living, Making a Difference. Gender and Work in Early Modern European Society,},
pages = {159-176},
abstract = {This article explores the possibilities for old people to contract for care. The findings in the article suggest that family and wider kin could offer a safety net, but only when there was something to share. It further suggests that people were only obliged to take care of their close relatives when there was a written contract specifying who was to provide care and on what terms. Poverty, ability to work, and age constrained the options for groups vulnerable to economic stress. Those with property or movables were in a much better bargaining position than those without, but even the smallest amount of wealth was used to contract for care. The situation for the landless poor, whether old or young, was difficult. The compulsory service statutes restricted their time-use and forced them to work under one-year contracts, with a ceiling on their wages. Although the implementation of these statutes probably varied between regions and from one period to another, they reduced the agency of the poor and their ability to manage their resources according to their own preferences.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This article explores the possibilities for old people to contract for care. The findings in the article suggest that family and wider kin could offer a safety net, but only when there was something to share. It further suggests that people were only obliged to take care of their close relatives when there was a written contract specifying who was to provide care and on what terms. Poverty, ability to work, and age constrained the options for groups vulnerable to economic stress. Those with property or movables were in a much better bargaining position than those without, but even the smallest amount of wealth was used to contract for care. The situation for the landless poor, whether old or young, was difficult. The compulsory service statutes restricted their time-use and forced them to work under one-year contracts, with a ceiling on their wages. Although the implementation of these statutes probably varied between regions and from one period to another, they reduced the agency of the poor and their ability to manage their resources according to their own preferences.
59.
Özkoray, Hayri Gökşin (Ed.)
Ma’cûncızâde Mustafa Efendi: Le Captif de Malte. Récit autobiographique d’un cadi ottoman Book
2016.
@book{nokey,
title = {Ma’cûncızâde Mustafa Efendi: Le Captif de Malte. Récit autobiographique d’un cadi ottoman},
editor = {Hayri Gökşin Özkoray},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
60.
van Rossum, Matthias; Kamp, Jeannette (Ed.)
Desertion in the Early Modern World: A Comparative History Collection
2016.
@collection{nokey,
title = {Desertion in the Early Modern World: A Comparative History},
editor = {Matthias van Rossum and Jeannette Kamp},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
abstract = {Early modern globalization was built on a highly labour intensive infrastructure. This book looks at the millions of workers who were needed to operate the ships, ports, store houses, forts and factories crucial to local and global exchange. These sailors, soldiers, craftsmen and slaves were crucial to globalization but were also confronted with the process of globalization themselves. They were often migrants who worked, directly or indirectly, for trading companies, merchants and producers that tried to discipline and control their labour force.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {collection}
}
Early modern globalization was built on a highly labour intensive infrastructure. This book looks at the millions of workers who were needed to operate the ships, ports, store houses, forts and factories crucial to local and global exchange. These sailors, soldiers, craftsmen and slaves were crucial to globalization but were also confronted with the process of globalization themselves. They were often migrants who worked, directly or indirectly, for trading companies, merchants and producers that tried to discipline and control their labour force.
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